Knowledge Base

Bit Rate Calculation

BIT RATE CALCULATION WITH BARIX DEVICES


With this document we want to explain how to calculate the total bit rate flowing on an Ethernet cable connected to a Barix device.

The total bit rate is equal at the audio bit rate plus the overhead due to the encapsulation of audio packet inside the layers of OSI stack [1].

We have used for the test an Instreamer 100 (with standard firmware) configured first in RAW UDP and then in RTP, and an Exstreamer 1000 (with STL firmware).


RAW UDP STREAMING MODE


For the structure of the Ethernet packet see here: [2]

The Total Ethernet Overhead per packet is 300 bit.


For the structure of the IP packet see here: [3]

The Total IP Overhead per packet is 160 bit.


For the structure of the UDP packet see here: [4]

The Total UDP Overhead per packet is 64 bit.


Total Bit of Overhead per Packet = Ethernet Overhead + IP Overhead + UDP Overhead = 524 bit


The Audio Bit rate is expressed in bit/sec but the Overhead is expressed in bit/packet. So we have to translate the Overhead (bit/packet) in Overhead rate (bit/sec). For this we need to know the amount of packet/sec, that depends by Audio Format and is measurable with Network Protocol Analyzer software like Wireshark.

For MPEG1/2 Layer3 (MP3) bit rate

the following Encoding range is supported as Constant & Variable Bit Rate in IPAM102 based devices (e.g. new Instreamer):

28kbps (MPEG2@16KHz mono) - 320kbps (MPEG1@48KHz stereo)


the following Encoding range is supported as Variable Bit Rate in IPAM100 based devices (e.g. old Instreamer100):

28kbps (MPEG2@16KHz mono) - 192kbps (MPEG1@48KHz stereo)


Decoding range on both IPAM100 and IPAM300 as Constant or Variable Bit Rate is:

8kbps (MPEG2) - 320kbps (MPEG1)


Overhead/sec = Overhead/Packet x Packet/sec

Total Bit Rate (Kbit/sec) = Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec) + Overhead/sec (Kbit/sec)

(1 Kbit = 1000 bit)


Audio Format (MP3 in VBR)

Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec)

Packet/sec (Wireshark)

Overhead (bit)

Total Bit Rate (Kbit/sec)

PCM 16 bit 8 KHz, mono

128

13.551

524

135.1

PCM 16 bit 24 KHz, mono

384

42.213

524

406.12

uLaw 8 KHz, mono

64

6.7

524

67.5

ALaw 8 KHz, mono

64

6.7

524

67.5

ALaw 24KHz, mono

192

20.28

524

202.62

uLaw 24 KHz, mono

192

20.28

524

202.62

MPEG1 48KHz quality 0, stereo

88

16.46

524

96.62

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, stereo

144

22.56

524

155.82

MPEG1 48KHz quality 7

192

27.81

524

206.57

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, mono

96

16.08

524

104.42

MPEG1 44.1KHz, quality 0, mono

65

12.27

524

71.43

MPEG1 44.1KHz, quality 4, mono

90

15.76

524

98.25

MPEG1 44.1KHz, quality 7, mono

140

25

524

153.1

MPEG2 16KHz quality 0, mono

28

5.8

524

31.03

MPEG2 16KHz quality 4, mono

44

7.58

524

47.97

MPEG2 16KHz quality 7

64

11.5

524

70


Without Ethernet Overhead

Audio Format (MP3 in VBR)

Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec)

Packet/sec (Wireshark)

Overhead (bit)

Total Bit Rate (Kbit/sec)

PCM 16 bit 8 Khz, mono

128

13.551

224

131.4

PCM 16 bit 24 Khz, mono

384

42.213

224

393.46

uLaw 8 Khz, mono

64

6.7

224

65.5

ALaw 8 Khz, mono

64

6.7

224

65.5

ALaw 24KHz, mono

192

20.28

224

196.54

uLaw 24 Khz, mono

192

20.28

224

196.54

MPEG1 48KHz quality 0, stereo

88

16.46

224

91.69

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, stereo

144

22.56

224

149.05

MPEG1 48KHz quality 7, stereo

192

27.81

224

198.23

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, mono

96

16.08

224

99.6

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 0, mono

65

12.27

224

67.75

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 4, mono

90

15.76

224

93.53

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 7, mono

140

25

224

145.6

MPEG2 16KHz quality 0, mono

28

5.8

224

29.3

MPEG2 16KHz quality 4, mono

44

7.58

224

45.7

MPEG2 16KHz quality 7, mono

64

11.5

224

66.58


RTP STREAMING MODE


For the structure of the RTP packet see here: [6]

The Total RTP Overhead per packet is 128 bit (counting also the MP3 MPA wrapper inside the RTP payload, which has an extra 32 bit header).


Total Bit of Overhead per Packet =

Ethernet Overhead + IP Overhead + UDP Overhead + RTP Overhead = 652 bit


The values of Audio Data for audio format, are the same of above, since the transmission protocol doesn't affect audio bit rate.


Overhead/sec = Overhead/Packet x Packet/sec

Total Bit Rate (Kbit/sec) = Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec) + Overhead/sec (Kbit/sec)

(1 Kbit = 1000 bit)


Audio Format (VBR)

Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec)

Packet/sec (Wireshark)

Overhead (bit)

Total Bit Rate (Kbit/sec)

MPEG1 48KHz quality 0, stereo

88

41.7

652

115.2

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, stereo

144

41.7

652

171.2

MPEG1 48KHz quality 7, stereo

192

41.7

652

219.2

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, mono

96

41.7

652

123.2

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 0, mono

65

38.3

652

90

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 4, mono

90

38.3

652

114.97

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 7, mono

140

38.3

652

164.97

MPEG2 16KHz quality 0, mono

28

27.8

652

46.12

MPEG2 16KHz quality 4, mono

44

27.8

652

62.12

MPEG2 16KHz quality 7, mono

64

27.8

652

82.12

Audio Format (STL)

Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec)

Packet/sec (Wireshark)

Overhead (bit)1

Total Bit Rate (Mbit/sec)2

ALaw 8 Khz, mono

64

50

620

0.09

PCM MSB 16 bit 8 KHz mono

128

50

620

0.16

PCM MSB 16 bit 11.025 KHz mono

176.4

50

620

0.2

PCM MSB 16 bit 12 KHz mono

192

50

620

0.22

PCM MSB 16 bit 16 KHz mono

256

50

620

0.29

PCM MSB 16 bit 22.050 KHz mono

352.8

50

620

0.38

PCM MSB 16 bit 24 KHz mono

384

50

620

0.41

PCM MSB 16 bit 32 KHz mono

512

50

620

0.54

PCM MSB 16 bit 44.1 KHz mono

705.6

70

620

0.75

PCM MSB 16 bit 48 KHz mono

768

75

620

0.81

PCM MSB 16 bit 8 KHz stereo

256

50

620

0.29

PCM MSB 16 bit 11.025 KHz stereo

352.8

50

620

0.38

PCM MSB 16 bit 12 KHz stereo

384

50

620

0.41

PCM MSB 16 bit 16 KHz stereo

512

50

620

0.54

PCM MSB 16 bit 22.050 KHz stereo

705.6

70

620

0.75

PCM MSB 16 bit 24 KHz stereo

768

75

620

0.81

PCM MSB 16 bit 32 KHz stereo

1024

100

620

1.08

PCM MSB 16 bit 44.1 KHz stereo

1411.2

137

620

1.5

PCM MSB 16 bit 48 KHz stereo

1536

150

620

1.63

1 - in PCM and A/uLaw streaming mode, there is not MPA wrapper.

2 - 1 Mbit = 1000 Kbit.


Without Ethernet Overhead

Audio Format (VBR)

Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec)

Packet/sec (Wireshark)

Overhead (bit)

Total Bit Rate (Kbit/sec)

MPEG1 48KHz quality 0, stereo

88

41.7

352

102.67

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, stereo

144

41.7

352

158.67

MPEG1 48KHz quality 7, stereo

192

41.7

352

206.67

MPEG1 48KHz quality 4, mono

96

41.7

352

110.67

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 0, mono

65

38.3

352

78.48

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 4, mono

90

38.3

352

103.48

MPEG1 44.1KHz quality 7, mono

140

38.3

352

153.48

MPEG2 16KHz quality 0, mono

28

27.8

352

37.78

MPEG2 16KHz quality 4, mono

44

27.8

352

53.78

MPEG2 16KHz quality 7, mono

64

27.8

352

73.78

Audio Format (STL)

Audio Data Rate (Kbit/sec)

Packet/sec (Wireshark)

Overhead (bit)1

Total Bit Rate (Mbit/sec)2

ALaw 8 Khz, mono

64

50

320

0.08

PCM MSB 16 bit 8 KHz mono

128

50

320

0.14

PCM MSB 16 bit 11.025 KHz mono

176.4

50

320

0.2

PCM MSB 16 bit 12 KHz mono

192

50

320

0.2

PCM MSB 16 bit 16 KHz mono

256

50

320

0.27

PCM MSB 16 bit 22.050 KHz mono

352.8

50

320

0.36

PCM MSB 16 bit 24 KHz mono

384

50

320

0.4

PCM MSB 16 bit 32 KHz mono

512

50

320

0.52

PCM MSB 16 bit 44.1 KHz mono

705.6

70

320

0.72

PCM MSB 16 bit 48 KHz mono

768

75

320

0.8

PCM MSB 16 bit 8 KHz stereo

256

50

320

0.27

PCM MSB 16 bit 11.025 KHz stereo

352.8

50

320

0.36

PCM MSB 16 bit 12 KHz stereo

384

50

320

0.4

PCM MSB 16 bit 16 KHz stereo

512

50

320

0.52

PCM MSB 16 bit 22.050 KHz stereo

705.6

70

320

0.72

PCM MSB 16 bit 24 KHz stereo

768

75

320

0.8

PCM MSB 16 bit 32 KHz stereo

1024

100

320

1.05

PCM MSB 16 bit 44.1 KHz stereo

1411.2

137

320

1.45

PCM MSB 16 bit 48 KHz stereo

1536

150

320

1.58

1 - in PCM and A/uLaw streaming mode, there is not MPA wrapper.

2 - 1 Mbit = 1000 Kbit.


The PDF version of the original document is downloadable here [[media:bit_rate_calculation_3_0.pdf]].